As a general rule of thumb cool season grasses grow in the northern portion of the U.S. (ie. bluegrass, fescue, and ryegrass) and warm season grasses grow further south (ie. bermudagrass, buffalograss). However, there are different growing regions in the U.S. that impact where grasses will thrive beyond north/south boundaries.
Purdue University offers a great resource tool to help you identify the turfgrass species that are present in your lawn.